This post let you introduced to some of the excellent car safety technology at glance with their quick and complete description.
In our day to day life while talking, reading,
discussing about cars we come across various terms such as adaptive cruise
control (ACC), blind spot detection, parking assistant, lane change assist,
pre-crash detection, autonomous driving etc.
The question which arises in a common man’s mind
is what are these terms? How are they related to cars they are driving?
Well like always INTELLIGENT COMPUTING is here with answer.
Before starting or coming directly to these
terms, I would like to explain something about radars and sensors.
Radar stands for RAdio Detection And Ranging
.In radars a signal is transmitted ( e.m. wave) in a particular direction and
if collides with an object it reflects back to the radar and we are able to
calculate the distance, speed as well as direction of the object. A radar can
be a pulse radar which transmits pulses after a particular time duration (only
single antenna is present for transmitting and receiving) or a continuous wave
radar (two different antennas are present for transmitting and receiving waves
respectively) which transmits waves continuously.
Sensor (also
called detector) is a converter that measures a physical
quantity such as sound, temperature, speed etc. and converts it into a
signal which can be read by an observer or by an electronic instrument examples
are motion sensor, heat sensor, thermocouples etc.
Now back to the point
Cruise control
While driving especially on long road trips it
happens that the speed of the cars varies widely suddenly the driver
accelerates up to 120kmph and suddenly if any obstacle comes or driver starts
feeling dizzy the car DE accelerates. Such varying speed sometimes becomes
annoying for travelers and tiring for the driver. Hence, a technique known as
cruise control comes. In this a certain constant speed is maintained to give
comfort to the driver.
The cruise control automatically controls the speed of
the car by controlling the throttle valve of the engine. The driver just
presses the cruise control start button and shifts the car to a certain speed
and the car sets its speed to a particular speed.
The driver doesn’t needs to
use his legs. To stop cruise control the brakes can be applied by the users or
simply clutch or accelerate. Some modern cruise control devices also have
memory that is if the driver accelerates the car at any instant when the cruise
control is on, the car accelerates and as soon as the driver stops accelerating
the car comes back to the set speed.
Also there is automotive cruise control which
when on and detects an obstacle or a vehicle ahead adjust the speed of the vehicle to keep it
at a preset distance behind the lead vehicle.
It also can determine how fast the vehicle is approaching the
vehicle ahead. For example, when approaching a lead vehicle at a high rate of
speed, the system will activate sooner than when approaching slower. These have
radars to detect objects ahead and around it.
Blind spot detector
Blind spot simply refers to
locations where a driver cannot see easily while driving.
While driving we know that
there are certain areas behind the car where a driver doesn't have
visibility like in India where driving is done from right side the driver can
use side view mirrors and rear view mirrors for detecting vehicles behind him
or trying to overtake him but sometimes he doesn't have ideas of what
is actually coming from left side. Many accidents happen due to these reasons
when a driver tries to overtake from the wrong side. Or while driving when at
point comes or road gets converge having bushes in between restricting the
users view or most importantly driving in heavy rains when the driver is not
able to see through wind shield and glasses of car clearly.
Blind spot detection systems
use radars to detect the vehicles coming in range of your car and display them
on the blind spot monitor in your car or it gives a signal. Hence a user is
able to know about the vehicles coming on its way in time and is able to avoid
collisions.
Parking
sensors
We all know that today everyone has cars and when we go to
markets or outings it becomes a task for us to find space to park our cars and
if we are able to find space it’s a tuff job parking them specially when there
is not sufficient space. Some drivers also feels pressurized and sometimes bump
into other cars. Now this is when park assistance comes into picture.
These consist of ultrasonic sensors and a rear camera (some cars also have a
front camera)and a micro controller circuit. When we switch on the
parking sensor, the parking sensor starts looking for parking space and when it
finds one it tells the driver. All what driver has to do is to stop the car and
put it into reverse gear the car moves and ends up parking itself in the right
direction and in a proper manner.
Pre-crash
detection
The pre-crash detection or collision warning with brake support
integrated system allows the driver to set the vehicle’s speed and maintain it
without using the accelerator pedal, and uses radar sensors to detect moving
vehicles ahead and warns the driver of collision risks. The system provides an
audible alert when it senses a reduction in traffic speed in vehicles ahead.
When the danger of a collision is detected, it provides a warning light that
flashes on the windshield. If the driver’s response is delayed, the system will
pre-charge the brakes to prepare the vehicle for more aggressive braking to
avoid a collision. If the driver lifts quickly off of the accelerator
indicating a desire to slow down, the system will apply the brakes to a nominal
level to decelerate the vehicle faster than the driver can move his or her foot
to the brake pedal. If the driver hits the brakes rapidly, the system is designed
to provide full braking capability of the vehicle to avoid an accident.
Lane change
detector
It also uses radar technology just like blind
spot detector it looks if any vehicle is in our way or crossing us, or if there
is a chance of collision if we change our lane. If there is it will give us an
indicator and the collision could be avoided.
Autonomous driving
From many years we have dreamed of self-driving cars and
finally its here. Autonomous driving is possible in cars consisting of radars,
lidars, sensors, GPS and computer vision which help the car to collect
information of its surrounding and drive. The traveler has to just enter his
destination and rest is history. All above explained things also functions in
this.
From this we learn that how technology has made driving
easier and safer.
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