In this post related to Linux that will help you to send the G-mail right from your powerful terminal. 5 minute workout will setup everything here. see more head how
Great!!
You choose to either send mail or learn to send the mail from the most powerful
tool in Linux, i.e. Terminal. Linux terminal is the smart powerful command
prompt like application which simulates the commands enter by the user and able
to perform almost anything on the single screen console.
In
this post I am going to tell you how you can send Mails especially Gmail from
your Linux terminal.
Ensuring Security
Before
you go ahead to configure your Linux to do all this, you need to hold the
updated security certificate from Gmail to ensure the privacy and perform SSL
data encryption and transportation. To check the certificate file Equifax_Secure_CA.crt file under the
path /usr/share/ca-certificates/mozilla/
. If you have this file, we can talk ahead, else you have to see step 6-7 here.
This will help you to know and fix this problem.
Installing tools
For
doing this, you need to install two simple tools in your Linux distribution. First
one is Msmtp, which is a tool to use SMTP, and mailx, a utility to send and
receive the mails.
Step
to install these tools
In
Debian Packages(Linux Mint, Ubuntu, ) use the following commands
user@system~#:
sudo apt-get install msmtp heirloom-mailx [Enter]
In Red hat distributions you can
use the following command
user@system~#:
sudo yum install msmtp mailx [Enter]
Configuring the Mail Account
After installation, you need to
create the configuration file for your account to work with. For this you need
to make the configuration file in your home directory.
Perform the following command
user@system~#:
cd
user@system~#:
touch .msmtprc
Now open this file with your
favorite text editor and paste the following lines in it
|
# Gmail account starts
# account name which must be unique for each
account
account gmail1
auth on
#Gmail SMTP host name
host smtp.gmail.com
port 587
#sets Transport Layer Security on
tls on
# location of tls certificate file for Gmail
(change this parameter if your certificate file is stored at some other
location in your File-system)
tls_trust_file
/usr/share/ca-certificates/mozilla/Equifax_Secure_CA.crt
#your email id here (e.g. abc@gmail.com)
user YOUR_EMAIL_ID
#your password here
password YOUR_PASSWORD
#email id of the sender that is you again
from YOUR_EMAIL_ID
# Gmail account end
#So we have added one account. Similarly we can
add more accounts by repeating and modifying above code for each new account.
Make sure you give unique name to each account.
#set default account to be used when no account
is specified (Not necessary for single account)
account default: gmail1
|
In the above text, don’t forget
to replace the capital latter string with appropriate details
Save this file and make the
permission to use by owner only.
For this run the following
command
user@system~#
chmod 600 .msmtprc
Now
you need to configure the Mailx utility. To create the mailx configuration, you
need to create a file .mailrc in your
home directory.
After
creating the file, open it with any text editor and paste the following lines
in it
|
set from="YOUR_EMAIL_ID"
#your
email id here
set sendmail="/usr/bin/msmtp"
#location
of msmtp's binary executable
set message-sendmail-extra-arguments="-a
gmail1" #additional arguments to msmtp goes here (optional) (-a
indicates account name to be used to send mails)
|
Again
don’t forget to replace the capital string with the detail it asks for.
Now
you are ready to send the e-mail from your terminal
Let’s
see how you can do this.
IMPORTANT:
These
files are to be saved in user’s home directory with permission such that only
user and root can view the files
Sending Emails
Lets start with first mail
Run terminal and let the following
command flow.
user@system~$:
mailx RECIPIENT_EMAIL_ID
Replace
RECIPIENT_EMAIL_ID with the mail id you want to send message to
After
this, you will be prompt to enter the subject and body of the mail you are
going to send.
Start
typing the message and once you are finished typing your message, press enter
and [Ctrl]+D to send and exit.
Wait,
if you aren’t end with any error message, your mail has been sent successfully.
Some useful Mailx tips
I’m
listing some of the most usable command in mailx utility and its argument.
-s
specify the subject of the mail.
e.g.
mailx
–s “This is subject of mail” user@host.com
-a
to attach the files to the outgoing mail, need to mention the path
e.g.
mailx
–a /document/script.txt username@hostname
you
Can see more usage of the mailx by either using man pages or help topics
for
that run following
user@system~$:
man mailx
or
user@system~$:
mailx –help
Want
to remove the mail setting from your computer?
Delete
the configuration files you have made earlier and remove the packages as
follows
For
debian distribution
user@system~$:
sudo
apt-get remove msmtp heirloom-mailx
And for Red hat distribution
user@system~$:
rm
~/.mailrc ~/.msmtprc
if you love the terminal and gmail, you
defiantly liked this post.
[IMPORTANT:: if you are using Two step verification, you may need to generate the application
specific password Learn more. ]
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